Atilla Öner, M. | Karaca, F.

Editorial | 2016 | Futures81 , pp.1 - 3

[No abstract available]

Sarioğlu, E.

Article | 2016 | Women's Studies International Forum54 , pp.39 - 47

Research on the regulation of women's identities at work has shown that the production of feminine selves on the service floor depends on women workers' identification with certain versions of femininities. Drawing on ethnographic data collected in retail settings in urban Turkey, this study highlights an alternative route to identity making on the service floor. I found that saleswomen strategically distance themselves from particular versions of working class femininities when building workplace identities for themselves. To explain why women workers use this distancing strategy, I argue that the gender discourse on women's work i . . .n Turkey and the minimalist managerial control of workers shape women's strategies to self-constitute. The discourse on women's work, which discourages women from working unless they pursue professional careers, puts women's respectability at risk. Women workers lacking access to the necessary resources to constitute themselves as properly middle-class, therefore employ a strategy of distancing rather than identification to preserve their sense of respectability. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd Daha fazlası Daha az

Doğangün, B. | Gönültaş, B.M. | Uzun-Oğuz, E. | Oral, G. | Öztürk, M.

Article | 2016 | Child Abuse and Neglect56 , pp.54 - 61

The present study aims at describing the psychological complaints reported, as a part of the criminal investigation process, by the victims of sexual abuse as a part of the criminal investigation process, without attempting at reaching a medical diagnosis; and it discusses the relation of these reports with variables such as victim's gender, age and relation to the offender, type and duration of abuse, and parental marital status of the victim. Data is obtained from the statements of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) victims under the age of 15, as taken by Istanbul Juvenile Justice Department between the years 2009 and 2012. The sample . . .consists of 175 cases with a total of 202 victim statements. Through the use of content analysis, the main and sub-categories of themes of the statements were determined. By means of the evaluation of the psychological condition of victims, we evaluated them in two categories: psychological complaints including self-harm and risk taking behaviors and psychological complaints with no self-harm and risk taking behaviors. The statistical analyses yield significant relations between the psychological complaints and children's parental marital status. Analysis of initial statements of sexual abuse victims is important as it may greatly contribute to professionals diagnosing and treating psychological complaints of these victims. It is essential that victims of sexual abuse should receive immediate psychological support starting with the criminal investigation process. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Daha fazlası Daha az

Eren, O.Ö. | Oyan, B.

Letter | 2014 | Trends in Pharmacological Sciences35 ( 12 ) , pp.54 - 61

[No abstract available]

Özdemir, D. | Selçuk, İ.

Article | 2017 | Cities65 , pp.10 - 23

Through the implementation of pedestrianisation projects, it is possible to create economically competitive and liveable urban areas, while the security and attractiveness of city centres are significantly increased by the improved accessibility provided by these schemes. After pedestrianisation, likely increases in property values can be interpreted positively; on the other hand, pedestrianisation, if necessary precautions are not taken, can also produce unwelcome consequences. When a pedestrianisation scheme achieves success, property prices rise, and small businesses (if they are tenants rather than owners) may fail to keep up wi . . .th the inevitable rental increases. Despite increased sales, small businesses, many of whom supply distinctive goods or services, may have to leave the area because they cannot afford these increased costs. In this context, the aim of this article is to analyse the economic effects of a pedestrianisation scheme located on the Asian side of Istanbul, in Kadıköy historic centre and retail zone, by focusing on changes in retail structure during the post-pedestrianisation period. The project began in 2004 and was completed in 2009. Research in the area was conducted in 2014, and has a tripartite structure: a before and after land-use analysis to identify changes resulting from the pedestrianisation project, a survey involving pedestrians and shopkeepers, and interviews with the Association of the Retailers of the Kadıköy Historic Centre. Our research has shown that in the case of Kadıköy historic centre, the success of the pedestrianisation scheme has created a dilemma, namely the replacement of many smaller older businesses with domestic and international chain-stores or eating/drinking facilities as a result of increased shop rents, which entail particular problems for the majority of shopkeepers, who are tenants. Consequently, this has begun to introduce homogeneity into a richly diverse mixture of shops. The current situation might become a major problem if those existing shops which maintain the image and identity of the area are substantially displaced by ‘outside’ retailers who can afford the increased rents. This development is not however an immediate consequence of pedestrianisation, but rather a side-effect of improvements in the local physical environment, and increased economic activity. Awareness of this potential outcome of the pedestrianisation process should therefore oblige planning authorities to take preventive measures to protect the diversity of small individual shops, and hence save the image (and long-term economic future) of the pedestrianised area. © 2017 Elsevier Lt Daha fazlası Daha az

Degerli, B. | Nazir, S. | Sorgüven, E. | Hitzmann, B. | Özilgen, M.

Article | 2015 | Energy93 , pp.421 - 434

Energy and exergy efficiencies of the wheat and rye bread and hamburger bun making processes are assessed based on data from Turkey and Germany. Amount of the land required to produce the same amount of wheat in Turkey is 3.34 times of that required in Germany; this ratio is 2.30 for the rye grain. These results show that the efficiency of the conversion of the solar energy into the grain mass is low in Turkey. CDP (Cumulative degree of perfection) for the wheat and the rye grain production is 3.73 and 4.96 in Turkey, and 11.26 and 10.46 in Germany. Specific energy utilization for rye bread production is almost the same in Turkey an . . .d Germany; but it is 12% higher in Turkey for wheat bread and hamburger bun making. Hamburger bun production requires the maximum energy utilization due to the higher weight loss in baking. The rye bread production process requires the minimum energy utilization due to the lower energy input in the agriculture and higher efficiency in the flour production. The maximum exergy destructions occur during the milling and the baking steps. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd Daha fazlası Daha az

Özdamar, L. | Dündar, H.

Article | 1997 | Computers and Operations Research24 ( 12 ) , pp.1187 - 1200

We consider housing projects where an initial capital covers activity expenditures in the starting phase of the project and then, customers who arrive randomly over the project span provide the necessary funds for continuation. The goal is to maximize financial returns, i.e., the project Net Present Value (NPV). Here, capital is considered as a limited nonrenewable resource which is reduced by activity expenditures and augmented by the sales of flats. Activities may be carried out in different operating modes with different durations. The total cost of an activity is fixed irrespective of its operating mode. Thus, the rate of activi . . .ty expenditures differ from mode to mode. As the previous scheduling decisions are the only controllable factors affecting the available capital at any period, it is important to adjust the speed of expenditures, namely, to select the correct activity modes. The contractor, never sure of the timing of the cash inflows, has to schedule the activities in modes which do not lead to financial bottlenecks and at the same time he has to deliver the project on time. The contractor may also borrow capital from an external source. We propose a flexible heuristic algorithm for solving the capital constrained mode selection problem where there exist general precedence relationships among activities and the magnitude of precedence lags depend on the specific activity mode selected. The algorithm is flexible in the sense that different mode selection criteria are utilized at different decision times depending on the cumulative progress of the project and on some parameters controlled by the contractor. The proposed algorithm may be used as a simulation tool to adjust parameters before the project starts or it may be used as a scheduler during the progress of the project given the current financial situation and cumulative project work done. We test the algorithm by using a typical housing project with real data and also by using hypothetical test problems. The results indicate that the schedules generated are satisfactory with regard to meeting the target project due date and maximizing NPV. © 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd Daha fazlası Daha az

Sorgüven, E. | Özilgen, M.

Article | 2012 | Energy40 ( 1 ) , pp.214 - 225

This paper investigates the impact of food production processes on the environment in terms of energy and exergy utilization and carbon dioxide emission. There are three different energy utilization mechanisms in food production: Utilization of solar energy by plants to produce agricultural goods; feed consumption by herbivores to produce meat and milk; fossil fuel consumption by industrial processes to perform mixing, cooling, heating, etc. Production of strawberry-flavored yogurt, which involves these three mechanisms, is investigated here thermodynamically. Analysis starts with the cultivation of the ingredients and ends with the . . . transfer of the final product to the market. The results show that 53% of the total exergy loss occurs during the milk production and 80% of the total work input is consumed during the plain yogurt making. The cumulative degree of perfection is 3.6% for the strawberry-flavored yogurt. This value can rise up to 4.6%, if renewable energy resources like hydropower and algal biodiesel are employed instead of fossil fuels. This paper points the direction for the development of new technology in food processing to decrease waste of energy and carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd Daha fazlası Daha az

Monkul, M.M. | Dacic, A.

Article | 2017 | Advances in Space Research60 ( 3 ) , pp.636 - 651

Geotechnical behavior of the lunar soils is important for engineering analyses regarding various aspects of the future extraterrestrial settlement plans including lunar exploration and construction. Many lunar soil simulants had been produced so far, in order to resemble lunar soils and conduct such analyses. The goal of this study is to investigate how and to what extent the variations in the grain size distribution of different lunar soil simulants affect their shear strength and volume change behaviors, both of which are quite important for constitutive modeling and geotechnical design. Static simple shear tests were conducted on . . . four lunar soil simulants that were reproduced in terms of original gradation characteristics. The results indicate that various gradational parameters, such as mean grain size, coefficient of uniformity and fines content influence the shear strength, the amount of volumetric dilatancy, and the rate of dilatancy of simulant specimens in different levels when they were compared at the same density or void ratio. The possible reasons behind such different levels of influence were also discussed by focusing on the initial fabric of specimens achieved before shearing and the interaction between silt and sand matrices in the simulants. © 2017 COSPA Daha fazlası Daha az

Kuscu, O.O. | Sandalli, N. | Dikmen, S. | Ersoy, O. | Tatar, I. | Turkmen, I. | Çaglar, E.

Article | 2013 | Archives of Oral Biology58 ( 10 ) , pp.1422 - 1433

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of MIH both visually and quantitatively, and describes the range of mineral densities of enamel specimens from three groups of piglets where two groups were given different doses of amoxicillin in infancy. Methods: In this blind randomized clinical study, 20 piglets were randomly divided into three groups. Group A received a standard dose (50 mg/kg/day) and Group B received a high dose (90 mg/kg/day) of amoxicillin in selected days of the month (20 working days) they were born. Group K did not receive any medication and served as control. Thirteen right mandibular per . . .manent first molars (PFMs) were randomly collected from 3 groups of piglets at age 10 months for evaluation under X-ray micro-tomography. Tomographic data were obtained using a Skyscan 1174 compact micro-CT in the Department of Anatomy. Results: Prevalence of MIH was 0% in all groups. MD values were quantified after enamel grey level (0-255) measurements on horizontal cross-sectional slices. After MD measurements, the effects of amoxicillin use on MIH are presented. Conclusions: While MIH is a multifactorial disturbance, the present study attempted to highlight the clinical findings of a possible relationship between amoxicillin use and MIH with the aid of X-ray micro-tomography. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az

Tabatabaei, M.M. | Okbaz, A. | Olcay, A.B.

Article | 2015 | Ocean Engineering108 , pp.462 - 470

In the present paper, a numerical squid model was obtained from a real longfin inshore squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) using computed tomography (CT) images. Two-dimensional axisymmetric squid models were then generated with fineness ratios of 7.56, 6.20 and 4.39 to investigate viscous and pressure drag forces. The study examined the effect of a squid's nozzle diameter on squid swimming and jet velocities for the investigated models in the squid's Reynolds number range from 456,000 to 2,800,000. Velocity vector field around the squid's curvature body was analyzed to understand flow recirculating regions and make connection with the drag . . . coefficient. It was documented that models with a fineness ratio of 7.56 and 6.20 showed streamlined body behavior while a fineness ratio of 4.39 model exhibited a blunt body appearance based on drag force and velocity vector results. The study also revealed that a larger nozzle diameter provided better propulsive efficiency and faster swimming velocity for the squid. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az

Yalçindag, S. | Cappanera, P. | Grazia Scutellà, M. | Şahin, E. | Matta, A.

Article | 2016 | Computers and Operations Research73 , pp.12 - 26

Home health care services play a crucial role in reducing the hospitalization costs due to the increase of chronic diseases of elderly people. At the same time, they allow us to improve the quality of life for those patients that receive treatments at their home. Optimization tools are therefore necessary to plan service delivery at patients' homes. Recently, solution methods that jointly address the assignment of the patient to the caregiver (assignment), the definition of the days (pattern) in which caregivers visit the assigned patients (scheduling), and the sequence of visits for each caregiver (routing) have been proposed in th . . .e scientific literature. However, the joint consideration of these three levels of decisions may be not affordable for large providers, due to the required computational time. In order to combine the strength and the flexibility guaranteed by a joint assignment, scheduling and routing solution approach with the computational efficiency required for large providers, in this study we propose a new family of two-phase methods that decompose the joint approach by incrementally incorporating some decisions into the first phase. The concept of pattern is crucial to perform such a decomposition in a clever way. Several scenarios are analyzed by changing the way in which resource skills are managed and the optimization criteria adopted to guide the provider decisions. The proposed methods are tested on realistic instances. The numerical experiments help us to identify the combinations of decomposition techniques, skill management policies and optimization criteria that best fit with problem instances of different size. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved Daha fazlası Daha az