Macmillan, C.

Article | 2010 | Journal of Contemporary European Studies18 ( 4 ) , pp.447 - 462

This paper argues that Turkey's accession to the EU has been securitised by the French and German right, according to the Copenhagen School's constructivist explanation of securitisation as a 'speech act'. Moreover, like other critical security schools, the Copenhagen School argues that security is not limited to the state or the military, but that securitisation may take place in other sectors, with the political, economic, environmental and societal spheres as its referent object. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.

Macmillan, C.

Article | 2013 | Journal of Contemporary European Studies21 ( 1 ) , pp.104 - 121

The paper analyses the various ways in which Europe/the EU is represented as Turkey's Other in the discourse of the four main Turkish political parties. The analysis is carried out according to the definition of five forms of Othering in International Relations proposed by Diez (2005) and Manners (2006) as well as the conception of Other as superior proposed, for instance, by Zarakol (2011). In contrast to traditional Kemalist discourse, which tends to view Europe as both threat and civilisational model, AKP discourse in particular tends to frame Europe as inferior and as belonging to a different civilisation, thus revealing a more . . .self-confident, inclusive and Islamist national identity discourse. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Daha fazlası Daha az

MacMillan, C.

Article | 2016 | Journal of Contemporary European Studies24 ( 1 ) , pp.117 - 131

The paper explores Turkey–EU relations from a Bakhtinian perspective. Nykänen (2011), also using a Bakhtinian perspective, has argued that the EU’s stance in the accession process, particularly that of Turkey, has been monologic, which stymies the process by not allowing Turkey to ‘answer back’. This paper argues, in contrast, that, albeit in the context of a lack of dialogue, Turkey has indeed attempted to answer back to the EU through informal means, using a form of discourse that resembles Bakhtin’s concept of the carnivalesque, characterised by a reversal of roles and hierarchies, parodies, laughter and the grotesque, which chal . . .lenges the status quo by creating a ‘world upside-down’. In recent Turkish discourse, then, particularly that of leading members of the governing AKP, the traditional hierarchy of the ‘superior’ EU and the ‘inferior’ candidate country is broken own and reversed. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Daha fazlası Daha az